Written by Peter Pearsall/Photos by Dan Streiffert and Peter Pearsall

The short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) is one of the most widespread owl species in the world, found across North and South America, Europe, Asia, and many islands in between. Named for its small, inconspicuous ear tufts, this striking raptor is frequently active during daylight, making it one of the easier owls to spot while hunting—especially at dawn and dusk. 

Short-eared owls prefer open country: grasslands, prairies, marshes, tundra, and agricultural fields. In North America, they breed in northern latitudes and winter as far south as Central America. They’re migratory, with movements tied to prey availability—particularly the abundance of voles and other small mammals.  

These owls are most active during crepuscular hours (dawn and dusk), but may hunt during the day, especially in winter. They fly low over fields with a buoyant, moth-like flight, listening and watching for prey before dropping into a swift dive, talons outstretched. Their diet is primarily small mammals like voles, mice, and shrews, and occasionally small birds. 

Short-eared owls are indicator species for healthy grassland and wetland ecosystems. Their presence often signals a robust small mammal population and minimal human disturbance. A ground-nesting species, these owls lay eggs in a simple scrape hidden in tall grass or tundra vegetation. Short-eared owls can be found at Malheur Refuge in any season but are especially numerous in spring, summer, and fall.